Sugarcane bagasse derived phosphorylated cellulose as substrates for potassium release induced by phosphates surface and drying methods

Encapsulation and controlled release of potassium by phosphorylated cellulose (P-cell) was systematically demonstrated drying aqueous P-cell suspensions with chloride (KCl) in varied stoichiometric K+/Cell-O-HPO3- ratios 1:1, 2:1, 4:1, dried into powder-like fibrous fluffs, paper-like films, three-dimensional porous structures spray-, oven-, freeze-drying. Cellulose isolated from sugarcane bagasse as agricultural waste optimally at 1:0.5:2 anhydroglucose (AHG)/(NH4)2HPO4/CO(NH2)2 14.6 µm wide, ca. 366 long, highly crystalline (72%) microfibers 2.4 mmol g−1 charge. Oven led to more (73%) thermally stable (252.1 °C) films than spray-dried powders (67%, 250.5 freeze-dried bulk (71%, 249.8 °C). The water-soluble KCl these three substrates highest the (90.4–97.3%), structure solids (73.5–81.7%), then (60.4–74.5%), thus could be tuned varying anionic/cationic loadings along methods.